You need to know how geological structure and rock type influence coastal forms.
Geological Structure
Some layers of rock contain faults. Faults are cracks in the rock which act as lines of weakness. They are more easily eroded by the sea. This may result in features forming such as caves, arches and stacks
Rocks can be aligned in different ways along the coastline:
Some coastlines have alternating bands of hard and soft rock at right angles to the coast. These are known as discordant coastlines. Headlands and bays tend to form along discordant coastlines.
Other coastlines have alternating bands of hard and soft rock parallel to the coast. These are known as concordant coastlines.
Rock Type
Some rocks are harder and more resistant to erosion than others
Examples of harder rocks are granite, limestone and chalk
Harder rocks result in landforms such as headlands and cliffs
Other rocks are softer and less resistant to erosion than others