1. Explain the concept of dynamic equilibrium in relation to the water cycle (4) (Specimen) 2. Explain the concept of carbon sequestration. [4 marks](Specimen 2) 3. Explain the role of cryospheric change in the water cycle (4) (2018) 4. Outline the process of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle. [3 marks] (AS) 5. Outline an example of positive feedback in the water cycle. box [3 marks] (AS)
6 mark question
1. Figure 2 (below) shows the impact of different emissions scenarios upon predicted climate change. Using Figure 2 and your own knowledge, assess the challenges associated with staying within a carbon budget which will limit global average temperature increases to 2ºC. [6 marks]
2. Using Figure 1, analyse the water balance data for the city of Potsdam. [6 marks]
Figure 1 represents data from a climate model for Africa. The map shows how rainfall totals are expected to change in Africa by 2099 compared with 1986−2005 averages. The graphs show predictions for rainfall change by month between 2080 and 2099, compared with average rainfall taken from 1986−2005. 3. Using Figure 1, analyse projected rainfall change in Africa. [6 marks] (Specimen)
4. Using Figure 2 and your own knowledge, assess the natural and human induced causes of the 2005 flood in Carlisle. [6 marks] (Specimen)
5. Analyse the data shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. [6 marks] (AS)
9 Mark questions
1. How far do you agree that changes to the carbon cycle will lead to increasingly severe storm events? [9 marks] (AS) 2. Assess the relative importance of physical factors and human activities in driving changes in the water cycle at a drainage basin scale (9 marks) 3. Assess the impact of natural changes to the carbon cycle upon life on Earth. [9 marks] (AS)
20 mark questions
1. “Human activity has caused irreversible damage to the fragile inter-relationship between the water cycle and the carbon cycle.” To what extent do you agree with this view? [20 marks] 2. With reference to a river catchment that you have studied, assess the potential impact of human activity upon the drainage basin. [20 marks] 3. Assess the extent to which there are inter-relationships between processes in the water cycle and factors driving change in the carbon cycle. [20 marks] (Specimen) 4. “Human activity has caused irreversible damage to the fragile inter-relationship between the water cycle and the carbon cycle.” To what extent do you agree with this view? [20 marks] 5. ‘The size of major stores of water change over time more because of human activity than natural variation.’ To what extent do you agree with this statement? [20 marks] (AS)